Cấu trúc No sooner là một phần quan trọng trong ngữ pháp tiếng Anh, đặc biệt là trong việc diễn tả thứ tự thời gian của các sự kiện. Bằng cách sử dụng No sooner, bạn có thể tạo ra những câu văn thể hiện sự liên kết chặt chẽ giữa các sự kiện.
ILA sẽ chia sẻ chi tiết về cấu trúc này như cách sử dụng, các quy tắc, ví dụ minh họa và bài tập. Hy vọng rằng sau khi đọc xong, bạn sẽ hiểu rõ hơn về cách sử dụng No sooner để làm cho văn bản của bạn trở nên mạch lạc và chính xác hơn.
Cấu trúc No sooner là gì?
Cấu trúc no sooner có nghĩa là “vừa mới thì” hoặc “ngay khi”, được dùng để chỉ một hành động diễn ra ngay sau một hành động khác. No sooner thường dùng ở hình thái đảo ngữ.
Ví dụ:
• No sooner had I arrived home than my friends came. (Ngay khi tôi về đến nhà thì những người bạn của tôi đến.)
• No sooner did Mary finish her test, she felt happy. (Ngay khi Mary kết thúc bài kiểm tra, cô ấy cảm thấy vui vẻ.)
Khi No sooner được đặt đầu câu, bạn sử dụng cấu trúc đảo ngữ No sooner. Lúc này, “than” sẽ được đặt ở đầu mệnh đề sau.
>>> Tìm hiểu thêm: Nắm vững cấu trúc might và cách dùng may might trong tiếng Anh
Cách dùng cấu trúc No sooner than
1. Cấu trúc No sooner than ở thì hiện tại
Ở thì hiện tại, bạn nên nhớ chia thì tương lai đơn ở cả hai vế của câu.
| No sooner + will + S + V-infinitive + than + S + will + V-infinitive |
Ví dụ:
• No sooner will I finish the test than I will want to go home. (Ngay khi kết thúc bài kiểm tra, tôi lại muốn về nhà.)
2. Cấu trúc No sooner than ở thì quá khứ
Ở thì quá khứ, bạn chia động từ ở mệnh đề chứa No sooner ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành và mệnh đề còn lại chia ở thì quá khứ đơn. Đây là dạng cấu trúc No sooner phổ biến nhất.
Công thức:
| No sooner + had + S + V3 + than + S + V-ed/V2
No sooner + did + S + V-infinitive + than + S + V-ed/V2 |
Ví dụ:
• No sooner had she come than it rained. (Ngay khi cô ấy vừa đến thì trời mưa.)
• No sooner did she come than it rained.
>>> Tìm hiểu thêm: Các thì trong tiếng Anh: Dấu hiệu nhận biết và công thức
Một số cấu trúc tương tự với cấu trúc No sooner
1. Hardly/ Scarcely/ Barely… when
Công thức:
| Hardly/ Scarcely/ Barely + had + S + V3 + when + S + V2/ed + O |
Ví dụ
• No sooner had I left home than he arrived. (Ngay khi tôi vừa rời đi thì anh ấy đến.)
Thay thế:
• Hardly had I left home when he arrived. (Khi tôi vừa rời khỏi nhà thì anh ấy đến.)
>>> Tìm hiểu thêm: Cấu trúc Hardly là gì? Định nghĩa, cách dùng và bài tập tham khảo
2. As soon as
Công thức:
| S + V-ed/V2 + as soon as + S + V-ed/V2 |
Ví dụ:
• I realized him as soon as I saw him on TV. (Tôi đã nhận ra anh ấy ngay khi tôi thấy anh ấy trên tivi.)
>>> Tìm hiểu thêm: Cấu trúc As soon as: Tổng hợp cách sử dụng trong tiếng Anh
Bài tập cấu trúc No sooner
Bài 1: Viết lại các câu sau, dùng cấu trúc theo gợi ý
1. No sooner had the teacher came into class than the children gathered around him. (As soon as)
2. I had just arrived home when she came. (No sooner….. than)
3. As soon as the plane had landed, there were a lot of passengers. (Hardly… when)
4. As soon as the thief saw the police, he ran away. (No sooner… than)
5. Farmers were unhappy because of the heavy rains. As soon as it stopped raining the farmers became happy. (No sooner ….. than)
6. As soon as the boy saw a dog, it barked at him. (No sooner….. than)
7. As soon as they completed the work, they demanded the wages. (No sooner …than)
8. I will cook a bowl of noodles as soon as I reach home. (No sooner….. than)
9. When he became a university student, he learned to approach the task in a different way. (As soon as)
10. As soon as I reached the bus station, the bus left. (No sooner….. than)
Đáp án bài tập cấu trúc No sooner
1. As soon as the teacher came into class, the children gathered around him.
2. No sooner had I arrived home than she came.
3. Hardly had the plane landed when there were a lot of passengers.
4. No sooner had the thief seen the police than he ran away.
5. Farmers were unhappy because of the heavy rains. No sooner had it stopped raining than the farmers became happy.
6. No sooner had the boy seen a dog than it barked at him.
7. No sooner had they completed the work than they demanded the wages.
8. No sooner will I reach home than I will make a bowl of noodles.
9. As soon as he became a university student, he learned to approach the task in a different way.
10. No sooner had I reached the bus station than the bus left.
Bài 2: Viết lại các câu sau với cấu trúc No sooner
1. As soon as the thief saw the police, he ran away.
2. As soon as she went, she saw a long snake.
3. As soon as she met her grandmother, she cried.
4. As soon as she received the call, she left for her home.
5. As soon as the bell rang, the students went into their class.
6. As soon as the teacher came into class, the students greeted him with respect.
7. As soon as they started, they felt tired.
8. As soon as I went back to my room, I fell asleep.
9. As soon as I arrived home, the rain poured down.
l0. She put the phone down. She fell asleep.
11. I arrived home. Then my mother called me.
12. I closed the door. Somebody called me.
13. She finished the meal and she washed the dishes immediately.
14. Bella opened the door. The cat entered her room.
15. I saw a snake. At once I ran away.
Đáp án bài tập cấu trúc No sooner
1. No sooner had the thief seen the police than he ran away.
2. No sooner had she gone than she saw a long snake.
3. No sooner had she met her grandmother than she cried.
4. No sooner had she received the call than she left for her home.
5. No sooner had the bell rung than the students went into their class.
6. No sooner had the teacher come into class than the students greeted him with respect.
7. No sooner had they started than felt tired.
8. No sooner had I gone back to my room, than I fell asleep.
9. No sooner had they arrived home than the rain poured down.
10. No sooner had she put the phone down than she fell asleep.
11. No sooner had I arrived home than my mother called me.
12. No sooner had I closed the door than somebody called me.
13. No sooner had she finished the meal than she washed the dishes immediately.
14. No sooner had Bella opened the door than the cat entered her room.
15. No sooner had I seen a snake than I ran away.
>>> Tìm hiểu thêm: Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện là gì, dùng như thế nào?
Bài 3: Viết lại các câu sau
1. As soon as he went home, a thief attacked him. (No sooner… than…)
2. She fell asleep as soon as she was tired. (Hardly… when…)
3. As soon as he stepped into the bathroom, the phone rang. (No sooner … than…)
4. He read the reading parts first. Immediately after that, he understood the book’s contents. (Hardly…when…)
5. As soon as he saw her, he loved her. (No sooner… than…)
Đáp án bài tập cấu trúc No sooner
1. No sooner had he gone into his home than a thief attacked him.
2. Hardly had she was tired when she fell asleep.
3. No sooner had she stepped into the bathroom than the phone rang.
4. Hardly had he read the reading parts when he understood the book’s contents.
5. No sooner had he seen her than he loved her.
Bài 4: Viết lại các câu sau, sử dụng cấu trúc No sooner… than
1. As soon as the sun rose, she got up.
2. As soon as I graduated from the university, I got a good job.
3. As soon as I put the phone down, she came.
4. As soon as they met, they missed each other.
5. As soon as the sun disappeared, the owls started to find their food.
6. As soon as he saw a tiger, it bit him.
7. As soon as the police came, the robber ran away.
8. As soon as he saw the dog, he ran away.
Đáp án bài tập cấu trúc No sooner
1. No sooner had the sun risen than she got up.
2. No sooner had I graduated from the university than I got a good job.
3. No sooner had I put the phone down than she came.
4. No sooner had they met than they missed each other.
5. No sooner had the sun disappeared than the owls started to find their food.
6. No sooner had he seen a tiger, than it bit him.
7. No sooner had the police come than a robber ran away.
8. No sooner had he seen the dog than he ran away.
Trên đây là những nội dung cơ bản về cấu trúc No sooner. Với những kiến thức này, bạn sẽ tự tin áp dụng khi làm các bài kiểm tra hoặc trong giao tiếp hằng ngày. Bạn cũng có thể áp dụng các cấu trúc tương tự thay thế cho No sooner như Hardly/ Scarcely/ Barely, As soon as. Chúc bạn học tiếng Anh thành công nhé.
